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i
A
d
v
e
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tisement
A
d
v
e
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tisements
80 ad
v
e
r
tisi
n
g posters of p
r
escription d
r
ugs f
r
om 1926
to
n
owadays
h
as been c
o
l
l
ected. T
h
e i
m
a
g
e gi
v
en
s
h
o
w
ed a
variety of
ways towa
r
d
h
appy
n
ess for t
h
e
p
atie
n
ts. This ki
n
d of co
mmu
nication p
r
o
m
ote t
h
e
mispe
r
ception of t
h
e
ph
e
n
o
m
e
n
on.
i
A
d
v
e
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tisement
A
d
v
e
r
tisement
N
ot a si
ng
l
e ad
v
e
r
tise
m
e
n
t
r
efers to t
h
e
m
ain si
d
e
effects. T
h
e
m
ost co
mm
on a
m
o
n
g t
h
em is for s
ur
e t
h
e
a
d
diction to t
h
ese d
r
ugs
which
m
ost of t
h
em co
n
tai
n
s
am
ph
etami
n
es.
i
Uni
v
e
r
sities
Uni
v
e
r
sities
Fr
om t
h
e data p
r
ovi
d
ed by nic
h
e.com, t
h
e pe
r
ception of
t
h
e
ph
e
n
o
m
e
n
on on US campuses is di
v
erse. T
h
e
r
e a
r
e
u
ni
v
ersities in
which 75% of t
h
e stu
d
e
n
ts i
n
te
r
vie
w
ed
i
n
dicate sti
m
ula
n
t d
r
ugs as t
h
e
m
ost popular in t
h
e
u
ni
v
ersit
y
. T
h
e
r
e’s a
p
a
r
tial co
rr
elation bet
w
een t
h
e
g
ood
l
e
v
el of t
h
e
u
ni
v
ersity a
n
d t
h
e use of d
r
ugs to
imp
r
o
v
e
u
ni
v
ersity pe
r
fo
r
m
a
n
ce.
i
Uni
v
e
r
sities
Health Se
r
vi
c
es
T
h
e
h
ealth p
o
licies of t
h
e 40 best
u
ni
v
ersities in t
h
e
U
nited States a
n
d t
h
e 40
u
ni
v
ersities
w
e
r
e a
n
al
y
zed
w
h
e
r
e t
h
e popularity of d
r
ugs is hi
g
h
er acco
r
di
n
g to
nic
h
e.com.
I
n t
h
e first cate
g
o
r
y o
n
ly 45% of t
h
e
u
ni
v
ersities cites t
h
ese types of d
r
ugs in t
h
eir p
o
licies.
T
h
e pe
r
ce
n
ta
g
e, al
r
eady
l
o
w
, d
r
ops to 20% if
w
e
co
n
si
d
er t
h
e 40
u
ni
v
ersities
with t
h
e hi
g
h
est popularity
rate.
i
Newspape
r
s
Newspape
r
s
By a
n
alizi
n
g t
h
e a
r
tic
l
es f
r
om Jan. 2012 to
N
o
v
. 20
1
8
w
e
fo
un
d a substa
n
tial
d
ec
r
ease in t
h
e a
r
tic
l
es t
h
at
r
efe
rr
ed to
A
dd
erall. By focusi
n
g on t
h
e co
rr
elation bet
w
een stu
d
e
n
ts
a
n
d d
r
ugs, about 70%
r
efe
rr
ed to t
h
e aca
d
emic fie
l
d a
n
d in
p
a
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ticular to topics li
k
e pe
r
fo
r
m
a
n
ce a
n
d co
n
ce
n
tration.
i
Newspape
r
s
Newspape
r
s
A
d
diction t
u
r
n
s out to be o
n
ly t
h
e thi
r
d case
m
e
n
tio
n
ed
in t
h
e a
r
tic
l
es a
n
al
y
zed.
On
ly 30%
m
o
v
e away f
r
om t
h
e
aca
d
emic fie
l
d, co
rr
elati
n
g
m
o
r
e c
l
osely t
h
e
A
dd
erall
with t
h
e stu
d
e
n
ts.
Wanna take a pill?
hover on the icon
Boost Your Grade
A
cc
o
r
ding
t
o a study
c
onduc
t
ed f
r
om 2004
t
o 2008
b
y the Uni
v
e
r
si
t
y of Mary
l
and
(School of
P
ublic H
ea
lth) on a
s
amp
l
e of
8
98 students, the use
l
e
s
sne
s
s of the study
dru
g
s h
a
s been demonst
r
a
t
ed. In
f
act the
g
r
ade point
a
v
e
r
a
g
e
r
emain p
r
acti
ca
l
l
y
unchan
g
ed between the 2
nd
and 3
r
d
y
e
a
r
.
On the
c
ont
r
ar
y
, among the initia
t
o
r
s and
the pe
r
sis
t
o
r
s the
r
e is a sligh
t
,
a
lbeit
minim
a
l
, dec
r
ea
se in the G
P
A
.
I'
v
e been st
r
ug
g
li
n
g this
w
ho
l
e se
m
ester
aca
d
emically a
n
d
m
e
n
tall
y
.
I
g
et to t
h
e e
n
d of my day a
n
d I am
i
n
c
r
edi
b
ly dizzy a
n
d I
r
ealized I
h
a
v
en't
eaten all da
y
.(...). I
h
a
v
e
l
ost 20 lbs in
t
w
o
m
o
n
t
h
s.
T
h
e "
g
ood" effects te
n
d to taper off
t
h
ou
g
h,
whi
l
e si
d
e effects
g
et
w
orse. (...)
My
b
l
ood p
r
ess
ur
e
h
as
w
e
n
t up, a
n
d I'
v
e
fo
un
d its
h
a
r
d
er to focus
w
h
en I'm
n
ot
on it.
...
d
espite t
h
e
d
ep
r
ession it gi
v
es
m
e so
I can
g
et my G
P
A a bit hi
g
h
er
Seriously b
r
o, it's t
h
e
m
ost evil
p
a
r
t of t
h
e
d
r
ug. (...)I see
m
eth in my fut
ur
e, if I'm
bei
n
g
h
o
n
est…
(...)
m
edici
n
e beco
m
es
y
o
u
r bodies
b
aseli
n
e. It's craz
y
.
I
h
ad te
r
rifyi
n
g s
l
eep
p
aralysis a
n
d t
h
en
later
vivid d
r
ea
m
s.
If I ta
k
e a
dd
erall I
g
et
r
eally
b
ad d
r
y
m
outh a
n
d can’t s
l
eep for mini
mu
m 24
h
o
u
rs.
... it causes my anxiety to s
h
oot t
hr
ou
g
h
t
h
e
r
oof. (...)It's hi
g
h
ly a
d
dicti
v
e, a
n
d
s
h
ou
l
d
n
ot be abused.
I
h
ate this feeli
n
g because my brain
com
p
l
etely s
h
uts
d
own
My skin
hu
r
t, I cou
l
dn’t
g
et out of bed,
a
n
d I
was
h
avi
n
g
h
alluci
n
atio
n
s.
I
wa
n
ted to k
n
ow if t
h
e
r
e
w
e
r
e
ways to
s
h
a
k
e off t
h
e si
d
e effects quickly
Su
r
e that
y
ou
w
anna
t
a
k
e mo
r
e?
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