research question

5_ Is the approach different in western and Chinese video platforms?

Approach

Video type

youtube.com  | English query youtube.com  | Chinese query iqiyi.com  | Chinese query 0% 100% 0% 100% 0% 100% #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #09 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #09 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 #01 #02 #03 #04 #05 #06 #07 #08 #09 #10 #11 #12 #13 #14 #15 #16 #17 #18 #19 #20 #21 #22 #23 #24 #25 #26 #27 #28 #29 #30 Channel name Thumbnail #00 Video title 0  0 views 0 comments 0 Relevant quote “ ... ” Country - Channel 1 The Stephen Colbert Late Show thumbnail #01 Everyone in China is getting a social credit score  1.399.004 views 6.278 comments 19.382 1.805 "If you thought the way Facebook tracks you was scary, it’s nothing on the Chinese government which just unveiled a system of monitoring and grading every citizen’s behavior" US - entertainment channel CBS Evening News #02 China's social credit system keeps a critical eye on everyday behavior  37.879 views 82 comments 171 31 “I think that Social Credit System is a good idea, because it makes people more honest” US - news channel France 24 English #03 China introduces social credit score for citizens  14.570 views 81 comments 105 22 "By using the mechanism of Social Credit System we'll be able to establish a blacklist and create a system of punishment based on a scientific theory" France - news channel France 24 English #04 China's social credit score bans some from travel  100.238 views 1.039 comments 1.132 175 "It’s the ultimate version of Big Brother’s watching. Imagine we have cameras everywhere" US - news channel US - news channel CBC News #05 Exporting dystopia: China’s Social Credit System  21.482 views 268 comments 248 69 "It’s frightening that technology has made the dystopian novel of the 20th century. Some monitoring and surveillance systems are straight out of Orwell's 1984 and that should concern everyone" Turkey - news channel TRT World #06 China's Social Credit System  41,837 views 59 comments 225 29 "Is this Black Mirror nightmare becoming reality in China?" Australia - news channel ABC News #07 580.013 views 7.686 comments 7.238 959 "China can make such great achievements very quickly. I'm really proud of it. With the development of big data and other digital technologies it's getting” more and more convenient to live in China” Exposing China's digital dystopian dictatorship US - news channel CBS This Morning #08 14.950 views 68 comments 123 7 "It's pretty scary. Can you imagine if you lose your job because of a post on twitter about government?” China targets critics with "Social Credit Score" US - news channel Fortune magazine #09 3.766 views 12 comments 19 4 "We should definitely be scared about Social Credit System” Here’s why China’s Social Credit System is so warped US - news channel Fox News #10 24.592 views 372 comments 601 68 "Social Credit System is spying at the behaviour of population. I think China government is making a terrifying huge mistake" China rolls out Social Credit System to spy on population US - debate channel TWiT Netcast Network #11 2.055 views 6 comments 45 3 "We have a really similar process here in United States, called FICO" Chinese Social Credit System is chilling US - game channel Extra Credits #12 1.818.687 views 7.372 comments 48.272 1.332 "Apparently Chinese people has been gamefied to be obiedent citizens. This is one of the most terrifying tools of authoritarian oppression I've ever read about” Propaganda Games: Sesame Credit, The True Danger of Gamification France - news channel France 24 English #13 4.724 views 36 comments 46 6 "Our society need it. It encourage us to not engage in bad behaviour" Big Brother is watching you: how China is ranking its citizens US - news channel CBS New York #14 3.552 views 11 comments 12 6 “You feel like you’ve been controlled by the list all the time” China Assigns Citizens 'Social Credit Scores' US - news channel CGTN America #15 202 views 00 comments 2 1 “Companies around the world all use big data. So don’t you think that the social credit score could be the natural progression of society?” Anthony Gaalaas of anthonycreditexpert.com on China's credit score system US - news channel CGTN America #16 1.090 views 00 comments 20 6 "The question is that this is not something you can change. This is going to happen, so the question is: how is the government going to do it?” Einar Tangen talks about Social Credit System in China South Asia - news channel WION #17 504 views 1 comments 12 2 “China is one of the first countries to explore such a system because it holds a cultural meaning: China people are really related to the moral idea of honesty and trust” China's Social Credit System: first country to impose social credits South Asia - news channel WION #18 1.560 views 00 comments 29 1 “Now imagine a system that is mother of all surveillance... We wonder what’s next in China” China's social credit system: How China plans to rate its citizens? China - reportage channel ADV China #19 183.770 views 2.146 comments 7.124 312 China's Dystopian Social Credit system "China is falling into the real Black Mirror. In China people have not the same rights you can have in America, so they don't feel concerned about the idea of Social Creit System" India - news channel WION #20 484 views 16 comments 8 3 "The system could potentially be used to push government's agenda and to crackdown on dissent” WION Gravitas: China's new Social Credit System to rate its system China - interviews channel Asian Boss #21 184.044 views 2.715 comments 4.269 2.017 "I've always wanted an official Social Credit System that I can trust and I believe that the pros outweight the cons, I think the government would enforce more rules to protect our data." Is China becoming a Black Mirror episode? (Social Credit) France - news channel FRANCE 24 English #22 7.661 views 19 comments 67 11 "These punishments will serve as a whip to rebuild moral values. Our society needs it" Inside China's “Social Credit” system UK - technology channel Computing Forever #23 97.525 views 1.744 comments 6.691 108 "I would rather die than live under such a regime" China’s Nightmarish Social Credit System US - news channel NowThis World #24 137.129 views 1.100 comments 2.612 179 "Programs like this are intended to create a fear of dissent" How invasive is China's mass surveillance? India - news channel India Today #25 796 views 1 comments 13 3 "Under the misleading title of Social Credit System, Chinese citizens run the risk of getting blacklisted” China's Mega Aadhaar to penalise credit defaulters via extensive surveillance system UK - news channel The Economist #26 117.737 views 1.434 comments 2.121 345 "As the technology develops, so too does the capacity for it to be abused" China: facial recognition and state control UK - news channel BEME News #27 120.928 views 440 comments 5.813 208 "It seems to me like a deeply discriminatory system. This is a huge problem in China" China is scoring its citizens and avicting the poorest China - news channel New China TV #28 634 views 13 comments 18 4 "I will always pay my credit card bills in time" How do young Chinese benefit from high credit scores? India - news channel WION #29 270 views 6 comments 4 2 "Imagine a system that's the mother of all surveillance. A system that constantly monitors and evaluates you. You're under watched 24/7 and you being raided for you're behavior" A new initiative of China to monitor people: aims to evaluate citizens honesty China - news channel China Uncensored #30 80.296 views 452 comments 1.670 56 "Fortunately the Communist Party of China has taken yet another giant step forward toward making George Orwell's 1984 reality now" China Creates Big Brother Rating System for Every Chinese Citizen China - news channel #01 90 views 0 comments 1 “The situation of reward of trustworthiness and the punishment of dishonesty has been formed” CCTV1 Focus on the Social Credit System construction China - news channel #02 50 views 0 comments 0 fhvjvbnml Changchun City will accelerate the construction of Social Credit System Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #03 50 views 0 comments 1 “These years, our province released redlist and blacklist, people on redlist can enjoy the benefits from government like financial subsidy, industry support and bank loaning” Iqiyi news Guizhou: using big data to build a social credit system China - news channel #04 77 views 0 comments 0 “I think domestic service should be included in the construction of Social Credit System” chabotcfgvc Changxinping: including domestic service into the construction of social credit system China - news channel #05 50 views 0 comments 0 “Chen Jining emphasized the construction of the Social Credit System: Promoting the construction of credit system, we improve the level of urban management” fvvbnvuyi 78 listed companies were surveyed last week China - news channel #06 58 views 0 comments 0 “In Social Credit System company and bank are related together very well" Winterdgg "Tax office and bank interaction" and "kjoint reward and punishment" to build a social credit system China - news channel #07 50 views 0 comments 0 BANGBANG355 Wang Jianming emphasized the acceleration of the construction of social credit system Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #08 1598 views 0 comments 0 “National development and reform Commission held a press conference” hagadfghag The construction of the social credit system has increased. It can be reported directly on the “Credit China” website. China - news channel #09 50 views 0 comments 0 "Hebei is promoting to reward honest people and punish dishonest people. Pushed 44 messages to the border defense and stopped 11 people to leave the country." no name Hebei: Reward Honesty, Punishment dishonest, to construct Social Credit System China - news channel #10 45 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi financial The first country level Social Credit System plan is Introduced Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #11 68 views 0 comments 0 "Africa media said that Africa should learn to use the SCS" focus on my country Prevent corruption and improve citizen honest level China - news channel #12 97 views 0 comments 0 Jilin TV Government will include medical trouble into Social Credit System Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #13 90 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi news Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei will work together to build Social Credit System Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #14 84 views 0 comments 0 General News Tang Daoming assigned the construction work of the SCS. Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #15 83 views 0 comments 0 (Wuhan)General News At the end of this year, our province will have an big examination of SCS Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #16 50 views 0 comments 0 "The usage of the electric amount will be icluded into the Social Credit System” Iqiyi news The usage of the electric amount will be icluded in to the Social Credit System China - news channel #17 70 views 0 comments 0 “The first scs law in China has been published, and it’s forbidden to disclosure the credit info without permit" Iqiyi news The first law for Social Credit System" in China isintroduced China - news channel #18 50 views 0 comments 0 Fujian TV Xiamen has become a national model city for building a Social Credit System Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #19 65 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi news The meeting of the contruction of social credit system in the whole city has been held Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #20 88 views 0 comments 1 “More than 2,400 people in the city took the initiative to come to the court to fulfill their obligations, the amount reached 98 million." Iqiyi news Intermediate People's Court: Establishing a Social Credit System and crack the problem of implementation. China - news channel #21 50 views 0 comments 1 "1.3 billion people's data and 3.9 million companies' data are in the list now" Iqiyi news Shenzhen: strengthen the construction of integrity and build a social credit system China - news channel #22 72 views 0 comments 1 Taishan TV Shandong cities like 'Weifang' has become a national model city for building a social credit system Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #23 50 views 0 comments 0 “The new ways to limit people who lost honesty” Beijing tech TV A point from two sessions: Building Social Credit System China - news channel #24 85 views 0 comments 0 Shanxi TV The meeting of the contruction of scs in the whole province has been held Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #25 85 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi news Nanjing, Wuxi and Suqian become the first batch of Social Credit System costructed cities Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #26 323 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi news Guangdong set a new law to punush the ticket seller. And it will be included into scs Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #27 1 views 0 comments 0 "The criminal related to medical problems will be included to Social Credit System" Gansu TV The criminal related to medical problems will be included to scs China - news channel #58 232 views 0 comments 0 Iqiyi news The meeting of the contruction of scs in the Ningxia has been held Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #29 307 views 0 comments 0 grgegesgresg Ningxia participate actively in the building of scs Relevant quote not found. China - news channel #30 441 views 0 comments 0 "With my credit score, I have to pay for only 3500 yuan for the house renting and without deposit. Otherwise, I need to pay 14000 for the first mont and deposit" Iqiyi news Social credit system can save money by credit China - news channel Free Asia Radio #01 8.566 views 35 comments 64 7 “For using the data, the goverment has a extremely big power, not limited by any law. China is totally covered by cameras for face identify, if you break the rule, you will be found immediately" Social Credit System: How much scores do you deserve? Taiwan - personal channel Newpai #02 21209 views 911 comments 135 53 "From 2014 Chinese goverment looks close to the internet and makes people nervous.” China mainland is going to control people by scoring them China - news channel ntdtvChinese2 #03 832 views 0 comments 5 1 "If you go abroad you can't stay for long, you can only go back home" Social credit system becomes a new threat to Chinese journalists China - personal channel ntdtvChinese2 #04 1821 views 1 comments 5 0 "Some critics say it's Orwellian effort to track and control people, when that turns from Big Data to Big Brother” A glimpse of the Chinese Social Credit System under construction China - personal channel ntdtvChinese2 #05 1022 views 1 comments 9 3 "If you thought the way Fb tracks you was scary, it’s nothing on the Chinese government which just built a system of monitoring and grading every citizen’s behavior. The phrase ‘purify society’ is a huge red flag.” Stephen Colbert explains China's social credit. It's amazing, my country. UK - news channel BBC News Chinese #06 287.605 views 2.333 comments 1366 392 “You feel like there is always a invisible eye looking at you. Actually, I won't feel very comfortable(to be under censor). Technology has its reason to develop, but how it works depends on who is holding it" How powerful is the face recognition monitoring system in China? China - commentary channel Come lazhao #07 170,910 views 880 comments 755 364 Relevant quote not found. Chinese society is divided into nine layers, a staggering precise description of the classes Taiwan - news channel Taiwan Apple Daily #08 86.459 views 1.368 comments 519 359 "Do you think if you don't behave wrong, you will be alright? If you post something sensitive or be on the black list of the court, your score is very possible to be subtracted" 1.4 billion Chinese are rated "lower" citizens forbidden to buy trains, air tickets Taiwan - news channel Sanli iNEWS #09 86.459 views 1.368 comments 519 359 “The security camera help a lot in the field of searching for criminals. Arrested 2000 criminals in 2 years” “Everyone has scores" Social credit monitoring 1.4 billion people China Skynet. "Scanning face" criminals have nowhere to escape Taiwan - news channel digging knownledge #10 722 views 1 comment 4 2 The mainland pushes “Social Credit", too low ones are restricted from trains and planes! Relevant quote not found. US - news channel VOA Chinese #11 579 views 1 2 “Credit system should be independent and shouldn't be controlled by anyone” Zhu Xinxin: The Social Credit System in the autocratic form is very funny 3 comments Taiwan - personal channel Kaixiang ands Luanjiao #12 38.497 views 271 comments 436 28 "This oppressive system of draconian government control leads down a dark path to" Late Night Show: China's Social Credit System US - personal channel VOA Chinese #13 1.149 views 10 comments 4 0 "Someone in the goverment is not honest, people shouldn't believe that the goverment can establish a credit system" China wants to establish a social credit system, what are the difficuties? China - news channel NTDChinaNewsChannel #14 393 views 2 comments 8 0 "Social Credit System is actually a censoring activity to a person and to the social connection" [Forbidden News] Social Credit System Monitors People. Who monitors the government? (Big Data Social Control_Camera) China - news channel china insight #15 1.335 views 1 comment 14 6 “Government is not honest, so that it’s not possible to ask people to be honest” The CCP launches a social credit system to monitor the people, it's absolutely different from the Western credit system Taiwan - knowledge channel Zhiqiqiqi #16 6.239 views 44 comments 201 4 “I think that there are many bugs in this system” What is the social credit system? If the score is low people can't buy a ticket? Taiwan - news channel Story of the world from Taiwan #17 23.220 views 889 comments 123 99 “Looking through 14 billion people, the credit score might cause all people struggle” Human life is worth only 800 points. China is engaged in comprehensive monitoring. Launched "social credit system" to review citizens' behaviour Taiwan - news channel Ming Jing Huo Pai #18 775 views 4 comments 25 4 Social Credit assessment is implemented in parts of China, more than 7 million people have been blacklisted Relevant quote not found. China - news channel Lude Newspaper #19 1.225 views 4 comment 14 0 “How will China combine security cameras, face recognition and A.I. with the social credit system to achieve comprehensive national monitoring?” Are Chinese users really willing to exchange privacy for efficiency? China - personal channel Secret China #20 6 views 4 comment 1 0 Australian Scholar: the CCP uses the social credit system to control foreign companies Relevant quote not found. China - news channel JIANG SU #21 113 views 0 comments 15 0 Provincial government deploys the construction of Social Credit System Relevant quote not found. China - news channel RTHK Hong Kong Radio #22 3.593 views 2 comments 20 1 Early morning: sign language live program... add up the gap; social credit scoring system Relevant quote not found. France - news channel RFI Chinese #23 2.009 views 2 comments 13 2 "Social Credit System is actually a censoring activity maintaining the control of the Communist Party" How to monitor citizens and score good points China - commentary channel Current China #24 216 views 0 comments 3 0 "Social Credit System doesn't stop at the international border, but also influences companies abroad" the CCP pushes social credit system is questioned for comprehensive monitoring China - personal channel Unicorn #25 194 views 0 comments 0 0 From portfolio to credit scores, is China going to Orwell-style monitoring society? Relevant quote not found. China - personal channel Epoch Times - Beyond the wall #26 6.086 views 27 comments 55 7 "9 million people on black list are fobidden to take the plane" The CCP monitors citizens by social credit system, 9 million people are banned from flying US - news channel VOA Chinese #27 501 views 27 comments 0 1 Zhu Xinxin: The Social Credit System is actually the social stability system Relevant quote not found. China - news channel ntdtvChinese2 #28 216 views 0 comments 3 0 "The Social Credit System is actually a maintenan stability system" Since May, the CCP has banned serious and untrustworthy people from taking train planes China - personal channel Unicorn #29 195 views 2 comments 2 0 "It is the best way to manage the most population country in the world. Some middle class people are concern about the standard to value the score, but it doesn't influence the implementing of Social Credit System" 24-hour surveillance on you in China China - personal channel Efavoyodo Agogoca #30 21 views 0 comments 0 1 "Social Credit System doesn't stop at the international border, but also influences companies abroad" China's social credit system has the possibility of interfering with the sovereignty of other countries In favor Neutral Uncertain Ironic Concerned Against Other topics Orwell Black Mirror Quotes In favor Neutral Uncertain Ironic Concerned Against Other topics 1984,Orwell Black Mirror Quotes > News Commentary Reportage Interview Talk show Animation
Description Protocol Data

Description

We wanted to go deeper into the debate, to really find out what people think and say regarding the topic. For this reason, YouTube was the best platform to explore at first what the world says about the argument, so we analyzed the first 30 videos with the query Social Credit System. To maintain the duality within the process, we did the same on Iqiyi, the most used Chinese portal for videos. But at a first sight of the Chinese videos, as in protocol three, we didn’t have a proper controversy: all of them were just informative or gave neutral opinions about it, as the visualization clearly shows with the interaction possibility on the two buttons. For this reason, we went to YouTube in Chinese and analyzed even there the first 30 videos. For each of the 90 videos we: watched them; grasped some general information such as the title, likes, dislikes and so on; categorized them based on the type of video and channel; divided each video in sections, based on what the speakers were saying at that moment. The visualization shows 90 time bars, which represent the 90 videos we analyzed; the colors of each section represent what was being said in that moment of the video: just information, an “in favor” approach, against the topic, concerned, uncertain or ironic about it. We also defined when specifically the video made a reference on Black Mirror or Orwell. This visualization clearly shows the huge amount of information that we wanted to present to have a full look around the theme: at the hover of the mouse on each bar, the section on the left changes, showing all the detailed information about each video. The order of the bars is dictated by the ranking on the platform, and by clicking to the relative number and bar the correspondent link can be opened.

Protocol

example of protocol

On Firefox browser, on incognito mode, we searched for Social Credit System on Youtube in English, in Chinese and on Iqiyi. First of all, we watched all the selected videos to have a general idea about the information that they contained and how these were communicated to the public. In this analysis we grasped the specific data that we wanted to show. During that research we noticed the presence of some recurring images, so we decided to take some screenshots for each video (these will be shown in the protocol 6).

Data

Data Source: Youtube, Iqiyi
Timestamp: 01/12/2018
View Data (500Kb)

We built the dataset according to these general parameters: video title, description, video type, channel name, channel type, country, speaker, date, length, views, likes, dislikes, comments. To go in deeper in the analysis, we also highlighted the content of each video according to the following items: relevant quotes, approach (neutral, in favor, against, concerned, ironic, uncertain) and relevant references. In the dataset all these information are based on time sections.